For the purposes of competences identification of the future-oriented entrepreneurs, the beFORE partnership investigated 193 sources, (global and domestic literature review: 71, syllabuses: 53, foresight courses: 17, business foresight practices: 52) which enabled to identify the extensive set of competences consisting of 1626 items. The detailed analysis of the higher education offer and commercial foresight courses make it possible to identify a wide array of interesting courses devoted to futures thinking (36 foresight courses related to futures studies (Table 1) and 12 commercial foresight courses (Table 2). Geographical distribution of the courses is presented in Figure 1.
Table 1. Higher education offer related to foresight studies
| No | University | Country | Course | |
| 1. | University of Houston/College of Technology | USA | Master of Science in Foresight | |
| 2. | University of Houston/College of Technology | USA | Professional Certificate in Foresight | |
| 3. | University of Potsdam, University of Turku, University of Malta | Germany, Finland, Malta | M.Sc. in Strategic Innovation and Future Creation | |
| 4. | Regent University | USA | The Doctor of Strategic Leadership (DSL) – Strategic Foresight | |
| 5. | Regent University | USA | Master of Arts in Strategic Foresight | |
| 6. | Regent University | USA | M.A. in Organizational Leadership – Futures Studies | |
| 7. | University of Turku (Turku School of Economics) | Finland | Masters Degree Programme in Futures Studies (FUTU) | |
| 8. | Ontario College of Art and Design | Canada | Master of Design in Strategic Foresight and Innovation | |
| 9. | California College of the Arts | USA | MBA in Strategic Foresight | |
| 10. | The University of Manchester | UK | Professional Development Course “The Art of Foresight & Horizon Scanning: Anticipating, Recommending and Transforming Research and Innovation Futures” (PhD) | |
| 11. | Aarhus University/Department of Business Development and Technology | Denmark | Strategy Synthesis (MA) | |
| 12. | Aarhus University/Department of Management | Denmark | Strategic Foresight (MA) | |
| 13. | Aarhus University/Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Mathematics | Denmark | Cultures of Prediction: How Scientists See the Future and Shape Society (MA) | |
| 14. | Aarhus University/Department of Management | Denmark | Future-Oriented Strategizing (MA) | |
| 15. | University of Hawai’i | USA | Futures Studies (BSc) | |
| 16. | University of Hawai’i | USA | Alternative Futures (MA) | |
| 17. | Swinburne University of Technology | Australia | Master of Design Strategy and Innovation (PhD) | |
| 18. | Swinburne University of Technology | Australia | Foresight Knowledge and Methods (MA) | |
| 19. | University of Stellenbosch (Business School) | South Africa | Futurism and Business: Dealing with Complexity | |
| 20. | Stanford University | USA | Design Your Future: Design Innovation for Global Teams | |
| 21. | The University of Melbourne, Melbourne Business School | Australia | Futures Thinking And Strategy Development Workshop | |
| 22. | Białystok University of Technology | Poland | Technology Foresight in Services | |
| 23. | Łódź University | Poland | Regional Foresight | |
| 24. | Polish Naval Academy | Poland | Foresight Workshop | |
| 25. | Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań | Poland | Foresight And Strategic Analysis | |
| 26. | Collegiun Civitas | Poland | Managing the Future. Foresight and Strategic Planning | |
| 27. | Poznań University of Economic And Business | Poland | Management Strategies In Uncertainty | |
| 28. | SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities | Poland | Change Perspective and See More | |
| 29. | University of Houston | U.S. | Houston Foresight Program | |
| 30. | Coursera | Online | Introduction to foresight | |
| 31. | The Global Foresight Group | Switzerland | Mastering strategic foresight programme: Exclusive leadership program on strategic thinking in uncertain times | |
| 32. | Freie Universität Berlin | Germany | Master of Futures Studies | |
| 33. | University of Applied Sciences Potsdam | Germany | Master of Urban Futures | |
| 34. | Kaospilot | Denmark | Embracing Complexity & Innovation through Chaordic Leadership | |
| 35. | Higher Politeknik School, Engineering Faculty, Mondragon University | Spain | Introduction to Foresight, main methodologies and tools and case examples. | |
| 36. | Babson Colleage, Undergraduate School at Babson Colleage | USA | Bachelor of Science degree to future leaders looking to create social and economic value around the world | |
Table 2. Foresight courses
| No | Company | Country | Course |
| 1. | Chasing Sunrises | Australia | Emerging Trends |
| 2. | Chasing Sunrises | Australia | Future Scenarios |
| 3. | Chasing Sunrises | Australia | Creating Your Vision |
| 4. | Chasing Sunrises | Australia | Strategic Planning |
| 5. | Kairos Future | Sweden | International Certified Future Strategist Programme |
| 6. | The Institute of Business Forecasting & Planning (IBF) | USA | Demand Planning, Forecasting, and S&OP Certification Program |
| 7. | Shaping tomorrow | UK | Strategic foresight workshop |
| 8. | Collegium Civitas | Poland | Risk Management: Forecasting, Strategic Planning, Foresight |
| 9. | Akademia Leona Koźmińskiego | Poland | Innovation Manager |
| 10. | Instytut Zachodni | Poland | Foresight – tools to support knowledge transfer between science and business |
| 11. | University of Applied Sciences Emden/Leer | Germany | Introduction Futures Studies for Engineers |
| 12. | University of Applied Sciences Münster | Germany | Introduction to Futures Studies in architecture and planning |
The review of the foresight courses and their contents enabled the beFORE partnership to state that generally speaking: master, bachelor, PhD courses in the field of Futures Studies and Foresight focus on a general context of the field including its philosophical and ethical dimensions and include a strong methodological component; whereas short training offers in the field underline the overlapping of foresight with strategy of an organization, the connection between foresight and innovation and highlight a narrow set of foresight methods (most commonly: trend scanning, scenario building, strategy building and implementation; and to some extent: systems and complexity theories). When analyzing degrees in leadership, business management, strategic planning it has been apparent that foresight theories and methods are largely absent from these, rather traditional curricula (in some cases they only incl. forecasting methods). Also evident has been the importance of such personal traits as: creativity, imagination, welcoming change attitude, within programmes and courses in the field of leadership. The promotion of these attitudes was not a central learning objective of the majority of established educational offer in the field of foresight.
